Grenache vines are 60-100 years old. East: LaCrau (100 years old) 2.3ha, Central-West: Esqueirrons (60 years old) 1.0ha, South: Les Galimardes (60 years old) 1.0ha. Fermented and aged in cement tanks. A long-established biodynamic winery with a domaine in the northernmost part of Chateauneuf-du-Pape. It is one of the leading figures in the Pape, owning 21ha and 18 lieu-dits. Currently, Sophie Armenier, a veteran female winemaker who took over from her father in 1995, is making wine with her son Vincent. The name "Armenier" is also recorded in records from 1340, making it one of the oldest families in the Pape. They have been practicing biodynamic farming since 1994 (certified organic). Sophie is a pioneer female winemaker who has been making wine with her sister Caroline since the days when there were almost no female vignerons (Caroline is now retired). In addition, Sophie's grandfather, Armenier, was once the president of the Châteauneuf-du-Pape winemakers' association, making this an indispensable family in the Pape. The wine is made with a limited yield of 25-30hl/ha to achieve concentrated fruit. 100% silage removal. Fermentation and aging are carried out using a combination of concrete and barrels.